摘要：應用振動法對柴油機氣缸體上的振動信號進行分析，得出總振動量級主隨活塞與氣缸套磨損間隙的增大而逐級放大。根據氣缸體振動加速度響應功率譜圖和柴油發動機總振動量級，可以確定活塞與氣缸壁的間隙大小。應用油樣鐵譜分析技術，可以確定發動機的潤滑狀況及摩擦副的磨損程度和部位，并通過實例證明了其在柴油發動機故障診斷中的有效性。應用直讀式原子發射光譜儀對柴油發動機潤滑油油樣進行檢測，監控柴油發動機曲軸滑動軸承磨損狀況，對保障發動機可靠運行起到很好的作用。

 Abstract：Theapplication of vibration method to analyzing diesel engine cylinder block vibration signal resulted in the progressive increase of the general vibration magnitude mainly along the piston and cylinder sleeve. According to the cylinder body vibration acceleration power spectrum and total diesel engine vibration magnitude, the gap between the piston and the cylinder wall can then be determined. It is found that the application of oil sample iron spectral analysis method can determine and the status of engine's lubrication and the location and wear extent of the engine, and hence demonstrates through examples the effctiveness of applying oil sample iron spectrum analysis to diesel engine fault diagnosis. The author points out further in this paper that the application of direct reading atomic emission spectrometer to diesel engine lubricating oil samples for testing, monitoring wear condition of bearing in diesel engine crankshaft plays a significant role in ensuring a reliable engine performance.